📚 Django - Fundamental

Create Project

poetry init
portry add django
django-admin startproject my_site . # period to current directory
python manage.py runserver [9000]   # port is optional

• Every Django project consists of multiple apps.

Create APP

python manage.py startapp playground

├── manage.py
├── playground
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── admin.py
│   ├── apps.py 						# config setting
│   ├── migrations
│   │   └── __init__.py
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── tests.py
│   └── views.py						# request handlers

Register APP

• you can use both methods.

# settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
  # ...
  'playground',
  # ...
]

# settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
  # ...
  'playground.apps.PlaygroundConfig',
  # ...
]

Views

# playground/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

def say_hello(request):
  return HttpResponse('Hello World')

Maps URLs to Views

• setup urls.py in the app

# playground/urls.py
import django.urls import path
from . import views

# URLConf: need to be this variable name 💡
urlpatterns = [
  path('playground/hello', views.say_hello)
]

• include the app's url in the project level

# storefront/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include # add include

urlpatterns = [
  path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
  path('playground/', include('playground.urls')) # add this
]

Use Templates

• create templates folder under playground and create a new file hello.html.

<!-- playground/templates/hello.html -->
{% if name %}
<h1>Hello {{ name }}</h1>
{% else %}
<h1>Hello World</h1>
{% endif %}

• refine the views.py (request handler)

# playground/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
#from django.http import HttpResponse

def say_hello(request):
  return render(request, 'hello.html', {'name': 'Jamie'})

Debug Tools

• VSCode: Create a launch.json file -> select django
• Django Debug Toolbar: follow the instructions 💎